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Marxist-Leninist, Mao Tse-tung Thought Parties and Groups in India
Documents and Publications


      This page on BannedThought.net will include as many publications as we can locate for the “middle range” of ML-MTT organizations in India, especially those descended from the original Communist Party of India (ML) and other than the CPI (Maoist) which has its own page.

      If you know of other publications of these parties, groups and publishers, and can provide either scans or hard copies which we can scan, please contact us at: freespeech@bannedthought.net




Centre of Communist Revolutionaries of India   [1988-1994]

      This organization was formed in 1988 with the merger of the following groups:

The two UCCRI(ML) factions both split off from their parent group over the same issues: the adoption by the majority UCCRI(ML) group of the “Three Worlds” theory and their support for Deng Xiaoping in China. The CCRI’s general political strategy was that of the “mass revolutionary line”. The CCRI merged with three other groups in August 1994 to form the Communist Party Reorganization Centre of India (M-L).


Communist Party of India (M-L) Central Team

      The CPI(ML) Central Team was founded in December 1977 as a breakaway group from the CPI(ML) Provisional Central Committee [the Satyanarayan Singh/Chandra Pulla Reddy faction of the CPI(ML)], and originally upheld the line of Charu Mazumdar. In 1978 it had a rectification campaign against the annihilation policy (assassinations of individual class enemies) and came to the conclusion that mass organizations were indispensible as well as mass struggles. It still thought that the time was ripe for armed struggle, and continued to favor attempting to unify the CPI(ML) around the reorganization plan of the 1969 Central Committee [the “Eighth Central Committee”]. The CPI(ML) Central Team was active in Punjab, and remains so in Maharashtra and West Bengal. In Punjab they published the very influential revolutionary journal, Surkh Rekha. During the Khalistani period (1980s) the Punjab section of this group worked with the Centre of Communist Revolutionaries of India in building the important Front Against Repression and Communalism. This experience won the Punjab section of the Party over to the strategy of what is termed the “mass revolutionary line”. In August 1994 the Punjab section, led by Roshan, merged with CCRI and two other groups to form the Communist Party Reorganization Centre of India (M-L). Surkh Rekha then became a publication of CPRCI(ML). However the Maharashtra and West Bengal sections of the Central Team refused to go along with this and accused the Punjab section of betraying the old CPI(ML) movement. They continue to function as an independent organization under the name CPI(ML) Central Team. Before the 1999 Lok Sabha elections the Central Team signed a boycott call together with the CPI(ML) People’s War and the Revolutionary Communist Centre of India (Maoist).


Communist Party of India (M-L) New Democracy

      Founded as a breakaway from the CPI(ML) (Chandra Pulla Reddy) in 1988. The general secretary of this party is Yatendra Kumar. The party is mainly based in Telangana and Andhra Pradesh, but also has branches in Bihar, West Bengal, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Delhi, Odisha, Haryana, etc. The party has one member in the Legislative Assembly of Andhra Pradesh, Gummadi Narsaiah from the constituency of Yellandu from where he has been elected continuously for five terms. The party also has one from Bihar, whose name is Umadhar Prasad Singh. CPI(ML) ND has been following both parliamentary and non-parliamentary methods of class struggle. It participates in elections and also has an underground guerrilla army with weapons. The party has open mass organizations like the Indian Federation of Trade Unions (IFTU) for industrial workers and the All India Kisan-Mazdoor Sabha for farmers and agricultural workers. It has two big students unions, PDSU, and PSU in Punjab. In recent years CPI(ML) ND has been more radicalized and has started focusing more on the underground guerrilla work, distancing itself from the parliamentary left and the moderate Marxist-Leninist factions. [Info from Wikipedia, Feb. 14, 2023]


Communist Party of India (M-L) — Red Flag

      Founded in 1988 as a split-off from the CPI(M-L) Central Reorganisation Committee, which itself existed from 1979 to 1991. At first this break-away group called itself the Central Reorganisation Committee, CPI(M-L) (Red Flag), but then switched to the shorter name, CPI(M-L) Red Flag. The Red Flag was the name of its theoretical journal. This group focused on electoral politics as well as mass organizing. In the state of Kerala, where it was strongest, it formed an electoral front with a number of other nominally Marxist-Leninist parties. In January 2005, the CPI(M-L) Red Flag merged into a similar party, the Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) led by Kanu Sanyal. However, a new party (or split-off) by the name of the Marxist-Leninist Party of India (Red Flag), or MLPI (Red Flag), more or less continues the political line of the former party. It has a web site at: https://mlpiredflag.org/   [Some of the information here is from the Wikipedia (as of Dec. 12, 2023).]


Communist Party Reorganization Centre of India (M-L)

      The CPRCI(ML) advocates the “mass revolutionary line”. It was formed in August 1994 by the merger of four groups:


Unity Centre of Communist Revolutionaries of India (M-L) (D. V. Rao)

      Formed by D. V. Rao after the 1980 general elections, as a split from the original UCCRI(ML). [See below.] This party supported Deng Xiaoping and his fellow capitalist-roaders in China following Mao’s death, and to this day continues to view China as a socialist country. The party is now led by Arika Gumpaswamy.


Unity Centre of Communist Revolutionaries of India (M-L)   [1975-1992]

      Formed in 1975 and led by T. Nagi Reddy (died 1976) and D.V. Rao. One faction led by Harbhajan Singh Sohi split off in 1979 in protest of the organization’s stand in support of the “Three Worlds” theory and Deng Xiaoping in China. The faction led by D.V. Rao split off into its own organization around 1980. Another faction led by Anand joined the Centre of Communist Revolutionaries in India (CCRI) in 1988, which in 1994 became part of the Communist Party Reorganization Centre of India (M-L). The remainder of this group merged into the CPI(M-L) Janashakti in 1992.


Rahul Foundation Publications


Towards a New Dawn Magazine

      Website at: toanewdawn.in


Labor Struggles




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